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The views and opinions expressed in the articles published in the International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Applied Studies (IJMDAS) are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the journal, its editorial board, or the publisher. The publisher and editorial board disclaim any liability for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained in the articles. Authors are solely responsible for the content and accuracy of their work, and the journal does not endorse or guarantee the scientific or technical content of any article. The journal also disclaims responsibility for any errors, omissions, or consequences arising from the use of any information presented in its publications.